Keep More Money Month - Chapter 4

Since we talked about tax deductions last week, we will finish off the month with a few more words about the way you can save money on your taxes. There are many things that people think they can deduct but that in fact not deductible. The one thing that comes to mind is the expense for clothes. I have talked to many women who think that the expense for business clothes is tax deductible.

Much as we can justify paying for business suits and using those suits to make a great impression, the expense is not a business tax deduction. Since the business outfits can be worn outside of business meetings, these expenses are not exclusively for business purposes, and therefore the price of the business clothes is not deductible. The only clothes that you can deduct are those that have a logo. If you wear apparel with your company logo you can take a deduction for the price. Besides, when you wear this outside of business meetings, you will be advertising your business all the time.

The opportunity to share your business with everyone you meet is also an advantage when it comes to tax deductions. You may not want to spend a lot or money on personalized apparel in the beginning, however it could be something to consider in the long run. This is one more reason to create a logo that you like and that represents you and your brand well. Of course, nothing is set in stone - there is always an opportunity to do better once we know better. And the same applies to your branding.

One tax deduction that a lot of people miss out on is the expense they incur with their car. Most women in business that I have talked to take the deduction, they are aware of the fact that the auto expenses are tax deductible, however, they don't keep good records of the mileage driven for business and therefore the tax deduction is many times a guesstimate. The biggest issue is that without good records, the IRS can decide that the deduction is invalid in case of an audit. The second issue is the possibility of the deduction taken being smaller than the correct amount; in this case the women business owner end up paying more taxes than required.

There are a lot of apps now available for mileage tracking. The most common ones are TripLog and MileIQ. Some of the business programs used for accounting and reports can also be used for mileage tracking - the one that I know of is TaxBot. If there are others, I would love my readers to post their favorites in the comments. I would like to know what others use, and what programs can do, so that I can check them out, and also improve my tracking for business expenses and deductions. 

Keep More Money Month - Chapter 3

As we are getting closer to the end of the summer, we are talking about keeping your money. And since this time of the year is the favorite time for travel for many families, I wanted to share some ideas about tax deductions you can take with your vacation travel.

Before I get into details, I will caution you to keep great records of what you actually do on the trips, so you can prove that the trip had business purpose. The good news is that your vacation can be (partially) tax deductible. It takes some math to figure out what percentage of the expanse you can take out, so please make sure you figure it out correctly.

There are 2 scenarios that I want to discuss today. The first one is when you plan to travel for business and decide to take your family with you. The second scenario is when you plan a family vacation and would like to be able to deduct some of it on the taxes.

If you plan to travel for a conference, convention or any other type of business reason, and you figure the location is just awesome enough to want to show your family, you probably decide to stay a few extra days at the destination. Let's say you travel for a 2 day conference that happens on Wednesday and Thursday, and decide to stay over the weekend and return on Sunday. You take your family with you and enjoy Friday and Saturday at that location. Now a 2-day trip became a 4-day trip, and since half of the time there was spent at the conference, you can also deduct half of the plane ticket price.

Another deduction can be part of the cost of the hotel room - make sure you only deduct the percentage of the room rate for the days of the conference. Let's say you use 50% of the first 2 nights, since you share the cost with your husband (technically). The time you spend with the family - the 2 extra vacation days - is not tax-deductible, so please stay away from any trouble with the IRS. Make sure you keep track of your food expenses for any meals you eat at the conference with fellow attendees - half of that will be a tax deduction.

In the second scenario, if you plan to travel with your family already, and would like to save some of the money off your taxable income, you need to make sure you have some business activities while you are away. These can be business meetings, prospecting - if you can provide services or products to people at that location.

Whether you plan to travel for business and then decide to extend the travel time in order to spend time with the family, or you plan a family vacation and then schedule some business meetings in that area, you can deduct part of your travel expenses. One word of caution: keep track of the time you spend for business and deduct the percentage that pertains to that time.

Keep More Money Month - Chapter 2

This week we will talk about another way to keep more of the money you make. As a business owner, you may need to buy items on credit, whether you have a business credit line or you have to use personal or business credit cards. This last scenario is often the case for solopreneurs and home-based businesses. 

One place to spend your money is the interest on loans you take out. Therefore, it stands to reason that paying less in interest means keeping more of the money you have. Many business owners finance big purchases in their business by using personal credit cards. For those who have good credit, the interest might not be high, which can help with not letting a lot of money go towards interest. most cases though, it proves more cost efficient to take out a loan - preferably for the business - instead of charging the purchase on a credit card. 

There are experts who can help you with building business credit, so you don't keep using personal cards. Even before this can happen, it is a good strategy to build a relationship with your banker, so you can take advantage of good advice when you need to purchase a big item on credit. Even though I recommend to my clients to use a couple of banks for their accounts, I believe in using the same branch (or a couple of branches) for most of your banking needs. This will help you build a relationship not only with the teller that attends you most of the times but also with the branch manager. As they get to know you better, make sure to talk to them about your business and its needs. 

If you do find yourself charging big purchases on your credit cards, make sure you keep track of your balances and make payments beyond the minimum, so you can pay it off as fast as possible. One way to spend less on interest is by asking the credit card company to lower your interest rate. Some of the companies are willing to negotiate when you make all payments on time and you maintain a good credit history.

It is not a great idea to risk your home by refinancing credit card balances into your mortgage, or as an equity loan. Though this may mean lower interest, it also puts a lot of pressure on you not to lose your house. Your health does not deserve this extra challenge! The tax savings you would get on the mortgage interest may be substantial though, so it is worth checking with your accountant or tax specialist.

Keep More Money Month - Chapter 1

We will talk in the month of August about different tools, tips and tactics that can help business owners and the self-employed keep more of the money they make. If you own a business and are committed to building it, then you may be putting all your money back into it. This is considered a good practice not only because it helps grow the business with the capital you reinvest, but also because it turns into a tax deduction.

I thought about sharing some of my thoughts on tax deductions today. I have been working with many people who are looking to reduce the amount of money they pay on taxes by taking deductions for the things they do. This can be a good thing, of course, because one gets to use the money for the things they need and also pay less in taxes at the same time. The only issue I see with this strategy is when one makes purchases or spends money on unneeded stuff for the sake of the tax deductions. 

I have always believed that the most important money one should keep in their money instead of spending is the money paid on interest to other people or companies. I have come across people who don't want to pay their mortgage down faster and save the interest because they want to use the mortgage interest as a tax deduction. Well, here is the challenge with that strategy: one pays $100 in mortgage interest to save $25 in taxes (for someone in the 25% tax bracket). In this case they would be better off keeping the $75 in their pocket instead of giving it to the mortgage company. 

As a strategy to save money on taxes, many people contribute to pre-tax retirement plans, such as 401K or IRA. This is a great strategy to keep more money for the present time. For most people, it can be a good strategy long-term, given that most Americans have less money in retirement than they do while they work. However, if you plan right and build your wealth to have a worry-free retirement, you may be better off paying taxes on your current income and then receiving your retirement money tax free. This would mean a Roth account - IRA or 401K. The wisdom of this strategy comes from a popular saying that states that it is better to be tax on the seed than on the crop.

These tips and strategies don't work for every single person or every single situation. Everyone is different and their strategies need to be adapted to their situation. For this very reason, it is important to sit down with financial professionals - financial planner, CPA, tax attorney, estate attorney.

Money Lessons from 2 Countries - Chapter 4

After talking about college education and the cost of it, and credit cards and other credit tools that are available more in the US than in Romania, this week we will talk about the way to earn money through work and investments.

I grew up during a time when all employees were paid in cash - in fact, my mother worked in the department that was in charge of giving out the wages 2 days a month. I remember my mom bringing home new bills, and then exchanging my savings to new crisp bills - the higher the value, the better. I have talked to many American friends who have memories from their childhood regarding saving money, and many of their stories are similar to mine. The main difference is the time of the childhood. My American friends talk about the 1960's and 1970's while my memories date from after 1985 - guess Romania was a little behind in adopting the plastic and the ACH as a method of collecting wages.

During the communist regime, we only have a central bank in the country and all the savings went there - building up a small interest for staying parked in the account. I remember taking a long time to collect an amount that I liked looking at and dreaming about. The system was set up in an artificial way that limited the inflation, therefore the value of money didn't go down much over time.

As soon as the Revolution changed the financial system in Romania - among other things - the inflation hit full force and many Romanians (including me) saw the value of the savings accounts shrink. the new "fashionable" savings accounts became the ones in foreign currency. This was quite profitable for a time - until the interest on in became so low that it lost all its appeal. The main challenge for the Romanians came a little later, when the banks caught on with the appeal of making more money from foreign currencies and started offering loans in foreign currencies. I have friends who are still struggling to pay off loans taken out in Swiss Francs many years ago.

From my experience with the financial system in the United States, I learned to appreciate the stability of the national currency that maintains the values of loans as well as savings on a level that can be easily understood. Since the banks make profits by trading money, the interest on savings is always lower than the interest on loans. This makes sense on a logical level, however much it affects the average Joe or Jane who is trying to make their money work for them. 

For now, I will stop the stories of my 2 countries. Next month we will be talking about money tips that can help you keep more of the money you make.

Money Lessons from 2 Countries - Chapter 3

This week I have decided to talk about the way people purchase stuff in both of the countries where I have lived. When you read this, please keep in mind that things have changed in Romania in the 3rd millennium and I have lived in the US since 2002. I would like to talk about the money habits I have observed in the adults that surrounded me growing up, as well as in my friends who still live in Romania, and who are now adults. 

When I talk to American friends, even now, about the ease of getting credit (especially via credit cards) in the US, they are surprised to find out that I had never even heard of a credit card while growing up - outside of movies (if that). I remember being fascinated by the amount of mail people found in their mailbox in the movies while I went for many weeks between letters from penpals around the world - in the world before the internet. After I moved to the US and I told this story to friends here, I found out that most mail consists of junk and bills. So my fascination with it died a quick death - especially once I started getting my own junk mail. 

Even now, when the banking system in Romania is much more developed compared to the 1990's and especially compared to the communist regime, there aren't many credit cards around - besides, most people still use the good old, hard cash when paying. Many of the mom and pop retail places don't even deal with any plastic. So if you believe in supporting local businesses, you don't really have a choice but use cash. 

When I first moved to the US, I had to figure out first what a credit card was, then what a credit history meant. I came from a country where you got a loan for a big ticket item, like a house, based on the fact that you had a steady job with decent pay. Nobody has a credit history somewhere for lenders to see, and a credit score is a foreign word - literally and figuratively. Getting my first credit card was exciting - event with a $500 limit, not because I could spend more, but because someone (albeit be it a big bank) believed I was trustworthy enough to have access to $500 that were not mine.

Of course, in the passing years, I learned that I wasn't that special, since almost every young American who turns 18 has the opportunity to into as much debt as he/she wants to. I found out that credit cards are a necessary evil if you want to have good credit - which allows you better interest rates on things many people can never pay cash for, such as a house or a good car. I also learned that they can get people in a lot of trouble because they show you there is money to be spent, even though it is not yours and you have to pay it back - with interest (and what an interest). 

If I didn't scare you with all this talk about credit cards, we'll talk some more next week.

Money Lessons from 2 Countries - Chapter 2

We talked last week about the differences between the school systems in Romania and the US. I would like to take this post to go over some other differences within the school systems, as well as the life of the students and their families during this period.

As I mentioned, during the communism, every high school graduate was offered a job - not one that required a lot of specific training or a certification, but still a job. Also, at the time that everyone graduated university, they were offered a job in the field of their studies. For instance, doctors, teachers and engineers ended up with jobs in their field - the only "catch" was that they went to very small cities and especially in villages. The only way for them to be in a big city or close to their hometown was to ask for favors or to bribe someone.

By contrast, after the revolution, just like in the United States, many of the graduates from different universities work in jobs that are different from their field of study. Also, with the increase in new universities after 1989, there are a lot more graduates than before. With all the changes that came with the revolution, the high school graduates had more options for university, and therefore many attended classes in fields that they were not passionate about, such as going to law school - similarly with many American students getting a degree in criminal justice.

While growing up both during the communist regime and afterwards, in Romania, teenagers and college students didn't have an opportunity to work - without the fast foods and grocery stores, like the big chains in the US, we didn't have a chance to earn money and have entry-level jobs that show up as "experience" on a resume. I still remember how hard it was after graduating college when I started looking for a job and everyone was asking me about experience. Yet nobody would hire me to give me the "experience" they were all requiring. 

I guess in this I always considered the students from Western Europe and the United States as fortunate to be able to achieve a certain level of financial comfort by providing the cash they needed for the things they wanted through their own jobs and efforts. As a funny side note, I also didn't grow up with an allowance, so I didn't have a "weekly wage" as a child, with which to make plans for things to buy. I always had to earn the money I wanted by maintaining good grades - which was not a hard thing for me (fortunately). 

Going away to college gave me an opportunity to manage my money while making sure I could buy the things I wanted while also having money to go home every time I wanted. For many Romanian students college is the first chance to leave home for a number of years and become independent (or at least depend on the parents less). What happens many times after graduation though, is that the graduates return to live with their family for a while longer - unless they find opportunities for work (most often out of the country). 

I used to think that the American and Western European systems, encouraging their youth to move out form their parents' homes in their late teenage years, was such a great set up. I longed to be independent back in my adolescence...

We will explore some of the other changes in the next weeks. Stay tuned!