Money Lessons from 2 Countries - Chapter 3

This week I have decided to talk about the way people purchase stuff in both of the countries where I have lived. When you read this, please keep in mind that things have changed in Romania in the 3rd millennium and I have lived in the US since 2002. I would like to talk about the money habits I have observed in the adults that surrounded me growing up, as well as in my friends who still live in Romania, and who are now adults. 

When I talk to American friends, even now, about the ease of getting credit (especially via credit cards) in the US, they are surprised to find out that I had never even heard of a credit card while growing up - outside of movies (if that). I remember being fascinated by the amount of mail people found in their mailbox in the movies while I went for many weeks between letters from penpals around the world - in the world before the internet. After I moved to the US and I told this story to friends here, I found out that most mail consists of junk and bills. So my fascination with it died a quick death - especially once I started getting my own junk mail. 

Even now, when the banking system in Romania is much more developed compared to the 1990's and especially compared to the communist regime, there aren't many credit cards around - besides, most people still use the good old, hard cash when paying. Many of the mom and pop retail places don't even deal with any plastic. So if you believe in supporting local businesses, you don't really have a choice but use cash. 

When I first moved to the US, I had to figure out first what a credit card was, then what a credit history meant. I came from a country where you got a loan for a big ticket item, like a house, based on the fact that you had a steady job with decent pay. Nobody has a credit history somewhere for lenders to see, and a credit score is a foreign word - literally and figuratively. Getting my first credit card was exciting - event with a $500 limit, not because I could spend more, but because someone (albeit be it a big bank) believed I was trustworthy enough to have access to $500 that were not mine.

Of course, in the passing years, I learned that I wasn't that special, since almost every young American who turns 18 has the opportunity to into as much debt as he/she wants to. I found out that credit cards are a necessary evil if you want to have good credit - which allows you better interest rates on things many people can never pay cash for, such as a house or a good car. I also learned that they can get people in a lot of trouble because they show you there is money to be spent, even though it is not yours and you have to pay it back - with interest (and what an interest). 

If I didn't scare you with all this talk about credit cards, we'll talk some more next week.

Money Friendship Month - Chapter 2

We are talking about a better relationship with our money this month. And we cannot express good feelings towards our money without protecting it from the unexpected. Illness and accidents can put a dent in our finances, therefore we need protection in place to take care of our loved ones and to provide for the family, so the life style can be maintained. And that protection is covered through life insurance. 

Even though life insurance is an uncomfortable topic for many people, and it may scare some visitors away from today's post, I will ask that you power through the next lines, as you learn some information that will help you build your relationship with money on a friendly level. I will cover some basic points regarding life insurance, with a promise not to bore you by the use of jargon.

There are multiple types of life insurance available, and mainly they fit in 2 categories: term and whole life. The term lasts for a number of years (usually 10, 20 or 30 years), while the whole life lasts until age 100 or 120 – depending of the company and the product selected.

Most people believe they lose the protection at the end of the term; in fact, most of the term life insurance is guaranteed renewable and convertible. It sounds more complicated than it is. It means that you can re-new the coverage at the end of the term without answering medical questions again. It can also be converted into a whole life policy anytime during the term, or just before expiration – also without answering medical questions a second time.

There are 2 ways to figure out the amount of protection necessary: the expenses the family needs to cover when someone dies, and the value of the in-come the person would have earned had they lived. 

The first method is more popular, and the one most frequently used by financial professionals with their clients. The best known way of calculating the need for coverage is the DIME method. It stands for Debt (how much debt the family has to pay off), Income (how much money would have been earned until the youngest child turns 18), Mortgage (balance on the mortgage for the family home) and Education (cost for college for all children).

The second way is by multiplying the annual income by the years left to earn it. One other popular way is to use the children's ages and the number of years until they can provide for themselves. In this case, please keep in mind that your children will probably not be able to provide for 100% of their financial needs at age 18, or even at 21-22 immediately out of college.

My intention in writing this post was not to frighten you or to make dire predictions. I simply wish for you to put the protection in place that will provide peace of mind for yourself and your family, so the unexpected doesn't hurt you, your family or your life style. And if this post raises more questions for you, please don't hesitate to reach out; I'm always willing to answer questions and provide the guidance you need.

Financial Serenity Month - Chapter 2

Let's continue our conversation regarding financial serenity with some ideas for business owners this week.

For the business owners who want to grow their business to the point where it becomes their retirement vehicle, while reinvesting all their earnings back in the business might seem like the smart thing to do, it may prove a disastrous financial sacrifice in the long run. According to the sensible principle of diversification, you should never put all your eggs in one basket; and when that basket is your own business, especially if it is a service-based business that relies heavily on you, that may be a very dangerous path to follow.

A wiser decision may be to save some of the money earned through the business in a retirement account – either pre-tax or after-tax – that will accumulate over time and be there when the business owner is ready to retire. Besides the tax advantages of this plan, the main benefit consists in the fact that the retirement money is not directly tied into the business, and it is protected from any hardships that the business may encounter, plus it will be available when the owner of the business wants or has to retire.

Most people are familiar with the term “compound interest” but that is usually in an abstract sense; they are familiar with the fact that it is important, that it can work in one’s favor or against them. And for the majority of people, that is where their knowledge gets blurry. They do not understand that the more time they have, the more they can benefit from the effects of the compound interest. 

Some of the most frequently used examples show friends who save for retirement at different times. While one starts in their 20’s and only saves for about 10 years, the other starts saving at the same time the first one stops and continues saving until retirement age. Even so, the first friend ends up with more money at the time of retirement – depending on the amounts used and the interest percentage used in the example, the difference can be from a few tens of thousands to some hundreds of thousands.

The difference between the two friends comes not from the amount saved but from the time they invest. The more time you give the compound interest to work for you, the more your savings grow, while the interest gains interest upon interest.

I’m not going to get on my soap box lamenting the lack of financial education from the US school system. Even though it is important to raise the level of understanding for all the people growing up in an economy so very different from the one experienced by their parents and grandparents. While the good news is that more and more people start businesses and/or become self-employed, the bad news is that these people’s financial security and safe present and future is in their own hands, since their employers are no longer present to provide the benefits that will take care of them in the long run.

Most solopreneurs make the decision to put all of their income back into the business in order to build the business. They think that it will all pay off in the future because they will make more money and, in the end, can sell the business. Unfortunately, most of the time, this is not a solid exit strategy. Nobody wants to buy your job. Therefore, the only way to have a sellable business is by building systems that can be followed and duplicated.

For the business owners reading these lines, I would like to suggest a great book that gave me a lot to think about, and made me tweak a few things in the cash flow of my company: "Profit First" by Mike Michalowitz. He uses the principle of "pay yourself first" - so often used in personal finances - and adapts it to the set up of a company. I would encourage anyone who wants to find their financial serenity, to read Mike's book and apply the knowledge he shares. It will change your life - literally!

And if you are an employee, don't despair, there is also a path to financial serenity for you! We will talk about it next week.